Are idioms the most difficult part of learning English?

Yes, idioms are considered one of the most difficult parts of English for language learners. This is because idioms are phrases or expressions with meanings that are not deducible from the literal meanings of the individual words. They often rely on cultural context and shared understanding within a particular language community, making them challenging to learn and understand for non-native speakers.

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Raul is in the driver's seat.

Literal meaning: He is literally in control of the vehicle.
Metaphorical meaning: He is in control of a situation.

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They've decided to wait for the dust to settle.

Literal meaning: 'wait to be able to see more clearly
Metaphorical meaning: 'wait for an unsettled situation to become calm:

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I'm sure we're on the right track.

Literal meaning: 'on the right road, path, or track:
Metaphorical meaning: 'acting in a way that will bring a desired result:opp on the wrong track.

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My friend is on the ropes now.

Literal meaning: The friend is into a fight stuck, probably out of space, suffocated by his opponent.
Metaphorical meaning: Having serious problems and likely to fail.

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She plays her cards close to her chest.

Literal meaning: Keeping the cards close to one's chest, so the opponent won't be able to see what one has got.
Metaphorical meaning: keeps her plans or ideas secret.

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We tried to clear the air instead of walking away.

‍Clear the air

Literal meaning: To make the air cooler, fresher, and more comfortable.
Metaphorical meaning: Improve a difficult or tense situation by talking about it.

Walk away

Literal meaning: To go away.
Metaphorical meaning: To withdraw from a problematic situation.

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I think he's got something up his sleeve.

Literal meaning: Keep something (a card, for example) up one's sleeve.
Metaphorical meaning: He has a plan or idea he will keep secret until needed.

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You should meet your client halfway.

Literal meaning: Meet your client in a place that is convenient to both of you.
Metaphorical meaning: Reach agreement with someone by giving them part of what they want.

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The absence of a literal meaning

With some idioms, the literal meaning has become lost over time, and we only use the metaphorical meaning. For example, in the past, a blacksmith was a person who made things out of iron. He had to strike (= hit) the iron while it was still hot in order to bend it into the shape he wanted.

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Now that there is a new government, we should Strike while the iron is hot

Literal meaning: Described above and out of use.
Metaphorical meaning: Make use of an opportunity immediately because now is the best time to do it.

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